Conjugate Salts Worksheet - Answer Key

 

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  1. A salt is made up of a cation and an anion.  The cation is typically a conjugate acid and the anion is typically a conjugate base.  The strength of these conjugates depends on the strength of the substance from which it was derived.             

     

     

  2. This being the case, there are three types of salt solutions that can be formed
    1. Neutral
    2. Acidic
    3. Basic                                                                          

       

  3. How do you determine which solution you have?
    1. Neutral – no effect on the pH.

      If the salt is made up of the conjugates of strong acids/bases then the salt is neutral. 
    2. Acidic – lowers pH

      If the salt is made up of a cation that is the conjugate of a weak base and an anion that is the conjugate of a strong acid then the salt is acidic.
    3. Basic – raises pH

      If the salt is made up of an anion that is the conjugate of a weak acid and a cation that is the conjugate of a strong base the salt is basic.

       

  4. How do conjugate pairs equilibrium values relate?

    Ka x Kb = Kw

    5.  

     

  5. What if both conjugates have strength?

    You would then need to compare the Ka value of the cation with the Kb value of the anion.                             

     

     
  6. Calculate the pH of a 0.12M KNO2 solution.  (Ka = 4.0 x 10-4).

    pH = 8.24

     

     
  7. Arrange the following in order of acidic to most basic

    CaBr2, KNO2, HClO4, HNO2, HONH3ClO4

    HClO4 > HNO2  > HONH3ClO4 > CaBr2 > KNO2
                

    8.  

  8. NaN3 is added to water.  Calculate the pH of a 0.010 M sol’n. 
    (Ka = 1.9 x 10-5)

    pH = 8.37

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