Bond Theory Practice Test - Answer Key

 

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  1. Lewis Dot For:
    1. ICl4-

      2.  

    2. BeCl2

      3.  

    3. HCN


      4.  

    4. H2CO


      5.  

    5. BF3

      6.  

    6. CO2


     

     

     

  2. Place the following in order of shortest to longest N-N bond length

    N2 ,N2F4, N2F2

                                                 N2 < N2F2 < N2F4

    3.  

     

  3. Determine the best Lewis structure for:

      4.  

       

    1. OCN-
    1. NO

     

     

  1. What is the hybridization of the central atom in PCl4+?

      2.  

    1. sp
    2. sp2
    3. sp3
    4. dsp3
    5. d2sp3

     

     

  2. What is the hybridization of the central atom in SO3?

      3.  

    1. sp
    2. sp2
    3. sp3
    4. dsp3
    5. d2sp3

     

     

  3. For XeF2, correctly identify the electron arrangement around the central atom and the molecular shape.

      4.  

    1. Octahedral and bent

      2.  

    2. Octahedral and linear

      3.  

    3. Trigonal bipyramidal and bent

      4.  

    4. Trigonal bipyramidal and linear

      5.  

    5. Tetrahedral and bent

     

     

  4. Which of the following species are paramagnetic?

      5.  

    1. N2
    2. N2-
    3. N22-
    4. N2+
    5. N22+

     

     

  5. Order the following from the shortest to longest bond: C2, B2, H2, N2

      6.  

    1. H2, N2, C2, B2
    2. N2, C2, B2, H2
    3. C2, N2, H2, B2
    4. C2, B2, H2, N2
    5. N2, H2, C2, B2

     

     

  6. For how many of the following does the bond order increase if one electron is removed from the neutral molecule?

     

    B2, C2, P2 and F2

      7.  

    1. 0
    2. 1
    3. 2a
    4. 3
    5. 4

     

     

  7. Which of these molecules has a measurable permanent dipole?

      8.  

    1. H2
    2. CH4
    3. CO2
    4. NH3
    5. SF6

     

     

  8. Answer the following questions about PF given:

      9.  

    1. What is the electron configuration for PF?
      (σ2s)2(σ*2s)2(σ2p)2(      2p)4(π*2p)2

      2.  

    2. What is the bond order of PF?

      2

      3.  

    3. Upon oxidation, PF+ can be formed.  What is the bond order of this species?

      2.5

      4.  

    4. What is the magnetism of PF?

      Paramagnetic
  9. If four orbitals on one atom overlap with four orbitals on a second atom, how many molecular orbitals will form?

      10.  

    1. 1
    2. 2
    3. 4
    4. 8
    5. 16

     

     

  10. Which of the following statements is true?

      11.  

    1. Electrons are never found in an antibonding MO.

      2.  

    2. All antibonding MOs are higher in energy than the atomic orbitals of which they are composed.

      3.  

    3. Antibonding MOs have electron density mainly outside the space between the two nuclei.

      4.  

    4. Both statements a) and b) are true.

      5.  

    5. Both statements b) and c) are true.

     

     

  11. Fulminate has the same formula as isocyanate (NCO-).  However, these two ions have a difference in connectivity and drastically different properties, as one of them is, dangerously explosive.  Predict which of these two ions exhibits this property.

      12.  

    1. Fulminate (CNO-)

      2.  

    2. Isocyanate (NCO-)

     

     

  12. How many sigma and pi bonds are in HCN?

    σ:        2
    π:        2

    13.  

     

  13. Which of the following statements is false?

      14.  

    • Atoms or molecules with an odd number of electrons are always paramagnetic.

      •  

    • Atoms or molecules with an even number of electrons are always diamagnetic.

      •  

    • Paramagnetism cannot be determined solely from the Lewis structure of a molecule.

      •  

    • Paramagnetic molecules are attracted towards a magnetic field.

      •  

    • Two of the above statements are false.

     

     

  14. For IF4- determine

      15.  

    • Shape

      Square Planar

      •  

    • Polarity

      Non-polar

      •  

    • Hybridization of central atom.

      d2sp3

      •  

    • Dominant IMF

      LDF

     

     

  15. How many unhybridized p orbitals and hybridized orbitals does an sp2 hybridized atom have?

    3 hybridized sp2 orbitals and 1 unhybridized p orbital

    16.  

     

  16. Which of the following statements is false?

      17.  

    • The molecule ClO2 can be accurately described by a Lewis structure consistent with the octet rule.

      •  

    • The electrons in a polar bond are found closer to the more electronegative atom.

      •  

    • A molecule with very polar bonds can still have no net dipole.

      •  

    • Octahedral molecules never have a net dipole moment.

      •  

    • More than one of the above is false.

     

     

  17. What is the hybridization of the central atom in IF5?

      18.  

    • sp                       

      •  

    • sp3       

      •  

    • dsp3    

      •  

    • d2sp3

     

     

  18. Tetracyanoethylene has the skeleton shown here:


    From its Lewis structure, determine the following.

      19.  

    • How many sigma bonds and how many pi bonds are in the molecule?

      π: 9    

       

      σ: 9

      •  

    • How many atoms are sp2 hybridized?

      2 sp2 hybrids

      •  

    • How many atoms are sp hybridized?

      8 sp hybrids

     

     

  19. Which of the following has the shortest N-O bond?

      20.  

    • NO3–
    • NO+
    • N2
    • NO2–
    • none of these

     

     

  20. Which of the following statements is correct?

      21.  

    • A triple bond is composed of two σ bonds and one π bond.

      •  

    • σ bonds result from the head-to-head overlap of atomic orbitals.

      •  

    • Free rotation may occur about a double bond.

      •  

    • σ bonds have electron density on the internuclear axis.

      •  

    • More than one of these statements are correct

     

     

  21. The configuration (σ2s)2(σ2s*)2(π2py)1(π2px)1 is the molecular orbital description for the ground state of which of the following species?

      22.  

    • Li2+
    • Be2
    • B2
    • B22–
    • C2

     

     

  22. Which of the following species has the largest dissociation energy?

      23.  

    • O2
    • O2–
    • O22–
    • O2+
    • O22+

     

     

  23. Which of the following statements is true?

      24.  

    • Electrons are never found in an antibonding MO.

      •  

    • All antibonding MOs are higher in energy than the atomic orbitals of which they are composed.

      •  

    • Antibonding MOs have electron density mainly outside the space between the two nuclei.

      •  

    • None of these statements is true.

      •  

    • Two of these statements are true

     

     

  24. A compound, XF5, is 42.81% fluorine by mass.  Identify the element X.  What is the molecular structure of XF5?

    X = iodine

     

    square pyramid

    25.  

     

  25. Consider three molecules:  A, B and C.  The central atom in molecule A has a hybridization of sp3.  The central atom in molecule B has two more effective pairs than molecule A.  The central atom in molecule C has two σ bonds and two π bonds.  Give the molecular structure and hybridization around the central atom for each molecule.

    A:        sp3                  tetrahedral

     

    B:        d2sp3              square planar

     

    C:        sp                    linear

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